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1.4 Factors affecting the ability to raise capital of commercial banks
1.4.1 The external factors
Cycle economic development
status of economic development is a macro-economic factors have a direct impact to all activities of the commercial banks should affect capital mobilization. In terms of economy steady development, population's income is guaranteed and stable source of money in the bank is stable, the amount of capital mobilized by banks is increasing and opportunities Investment bank loan was extended by the confidence of investors into the economy. If the economic downturn, residential income volatility on the currency, the confidence of the population loss. Meanwhile ability of banks raising capital not only reduced the amount of money people have deposited in banks also risk being drawn. And so banks will have difficulties in mobilizing capital, reserve management, and strengthen customer confidence.
Environmental laws
All business activities, including the activities of the bank are subject to the adjustment of the law. The activities of commercial banks are governed by the Credit Institutions Act and the system of legal documents of the State. On the other hand, in Vietnam at present the commercial bank organized under the corporation model, so the bank branches in addition to its activities must comply with the law and the bylaws of state issued must comply with the regulations issued by the parent bank in each period on interest rates, reserve ratios, lending limits .... In the legal constraints, the elements mobilization of capital changes affecting the size and quality of capital mobilization.
The conditions of the competitive environment
when developing the strategy for the bank clearly needs to take into account conditions business environment. Competition from other banks in the province will directly affect the operation of the bank. In order to survive and develop, banks need to define appropriate business strategy to be able to win in competition with other banks. During competition with rivals, banks are forced to improve and diversify the types of services, implementing reasonable interest rate, market research skills and good performance in marketing. Banks must retraining staff to be able to do his job well. Thus, competition is both a challenge and as a factor in promoting the development of quality of banking activities including capital raising activities.
Elements of culture - social, psychological customer
deals the bank's customers include those with capital at banks and those who funded it. Regarding the social environment in the developed world, customers always have personal accounts and the income is transferred into their accounts. But in the least developed countries, demand usually bigger cash. Items in savings has two important elements that impact on income and psychology of depositors. Income affect potential capital which banks can mobilize in the future. Psychological factors also affect the volatility of these funds out into. Psychology believes in the future of customer stabilizing effect on the amount of deposits, draw and vice versa if the customer's confidence in the future of the currency devaluation would cause a mass withdrawal of capital is a major concern of every bank. An important characteristic of customers is the frequency of the use of banking services. The higher usage levels, as banks extend conditional capital raising.
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