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a-Amylases are enzymes, the first to be commerciallyproduced and marketed. Dr. j. Takamine established thefirst industrial production of a-amylase from a. oryzaeknown as» Taka diastase «, which was used as a digestive aid. The global market for enzymes was about $ 2billion in 2004. It is expected to have an average annualgrowth rate of 3.3%. The share of carbohydrases comprising amylases, cellulases and pectinases, isomerasesis about 40% (122). The food and beverage sectors utilize the 90% of the carbohydrases produced. The annualsale of a-amylases in the global market is estimated to be$ 11 million (123). The world production of a-amylasesfrom b. licheniformis and Aspergillus SP. was about 300tonnes of pure enzyme protein per year (124). Table 9shows vivid applications of amylases
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