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How they calculate velocity? One way is to calculate the time the ship to pass an object was thrown into the water immediately bow. Later, a more accurate method is dropping overboard a piece of wood with coil tie knotted steadily fixed distance. When the ship running, pull rope floating piece of wood out of the roll. After a fixed time, people pull the rope up and count the buttons. Button said the number of ship-velocity knots per hour-a measuring unit still used today. Knowing the speed, the navigator could calculate a ship date how far. Charts on news of the sea map, he drew a line showing where the ship went to than not met. Of course, ocean currents and winds could push the ship across astray. Therefore, pilots must periodically calculated and recorded the adjustments needed to keep the ship in the right direction. Every day he had to measure, calculate and draw on the charts. When the ship reached the desired place, the daily notes on the charts to become the maritime books saved from the ship to the destination. 500 years ago, by guessing the position, Columbus went from Spain to North America and back. Thanks to his detailed charts, today one can perform the memorable voyage.
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