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During peak periods, it was the largest empire in history, for over a century, British colonial superpower in the world. [1] As of 1922, the British Empire had a population of about 458 million, accounting for 1/8 of the world's population at the time [2] and covers an area of over 13,000,000 square miles (33,000,000 km2): approximately a quarter of total global area. [3] The cultural heritage , the language of the British Empire spread widely. At the pinnacle of power, the British Empire often compared with "the sun never sets on the British Empire". During exploration in the 15th and 16th century, Spain and Portugal go pioneer in the movement of colonists from Europe and in the process has built a vast empire. Witness the prosperity of the colonial empire won, Britain, France and the Netherlands began to build colonies and trade networks in the Americas and Asia. [4] The war with France and Ha Poland in the 17th and 18th centuries helped Britain become a dominant colonial power in North America and India. But at the same time, the prestige of Britain (and France [5]) is limited in Europe after 1763, with the strong development of the eastern powers as Prussia, Austria and Russia. [6] [7 ] After losing thirteen colonies after the American Revolutionary War in 1783 had dealt a serious blow to England, the war has deprived the UK's most populous colony. Despite the setback, the attention of the British then moved to Africa, Asia and the Pacific. After the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1815, Britain has enjoyed a century of domination has no rival, while expanding the scope around the globe. Many colonies of white people is autonomy, some of which are categorized as self-governing nation. The strong growth in Germany and the United States have led to the erosion of the UK economy Then late 19th century tensions between political and economic Germany and the UK are the main causes leading to World War I, in which England had to rely primarily on their empire. The war has created financial difficulties for England, and although the British Empire has achieved the largest territorial expansion after the war, but Britain is no longer a great power of the military and now. Second World War saw the British colonies in Southeast Asia was occupied by the Japanese military, which has hurt the reputation of the UK and accelerating the collapse of the empire. Over the last two years of the war, Britain granted independence to the colonies and populous as India's most valuable. In the remaining years of the 20th century, most of the colonies of the British Empire pendence established as part of the movement of non-colonizing European powers, ending with the return of Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China in 1997. After independence, many countries have joined the popular British Commonwealth, a free association of independent states. 16 countries that share a leader, it is Queen Elizabeth II of England. 14 other colonies remained under British administration, the colony was known as British overseas territory.
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